关键词: 新疆草地生态系统服务, 土壤保持服务, 土壤侵蚀, 供需风险

Abstract: Xinjiang is an important ecological barrier area and the core region of the "Belt and Road Initiative" in China. The soil conservation service of grassland is crucial for preventing soil erosion， water loss and desertification. Based on data of grassland types， precipitation， soil texture， etc.， the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation （RUSLE） was used to evaluate the spatial and temporal distribution pattern of soil conservation of Xinjiang grassland from 1980 to 2020 and to identify its hotspots. The influencing factors were analyzed by the Geodetector method， and the risk levels were analyzed by supply and demand risk system. Our results showed that： The soil conservation service of grasslands showed an increasing trend from 1980 to 2020， with alpine meadows， mountain meadows and temperate steppe having a stronger soil conservation capacity. The hot spots were mainly concentrated in northern Xinjiang， while the cold spots are in the Junggar Basin and southern Xinjiang. The spatial heterogeneity of soil conservation service is mainly affected by natural factors such as slope and precipitation. The risk level of soil conservation supply and demand in most areas was safe， and the vulnerable areas were mainly distributed in temperate desert grasslands in southern and northern Xinjiang. Based on these results， the management measures to maintain and enhance the soil conservation service of grassland to reduce soil erosion and desertification and to build the ecological security barrier in the northwest were discussed.

Key words: Xinjiang grassland ecosystem service, Soil conservation service, Soil erosion, Supply and demand risk